Hydraulic system is widely used in industrial production, construction machinery, aerospace and other fields, with the advantages of high transmission efficiency, fast response and strong bearing capacity. However, the hydraulic system often produces loud noise during operation, which not only affects the normal operation of equipment, but also may cause harm to the health of operators. Therefore, reducing the noise of hydraulic system is an important task to improve the performance of equipment and the quality of working environment.
First, the source analysis of hydraulic noise
The noise of hydraulic system mainly comes from the following aspects:
1. Noise of the pump: The hydraulic pump is the main noise source of the system, especially when the suction is poor, the pressure pulsation or the pump is worn.
2. Valve noise: The control valve will produce impact noise during switching, especially when the reversing valve and the overflow valve act.
3. Pipeline vibration and noise: When oil flows in the pipeline, it causes vibration, especially at elbows and joints.
4. Mechanical noise: Unbalanced or loose motor, coupling and transmission parts will also produce noise.
5. Cavitation noise: When air is mixed in the oil or the pressure is too low, cavitation occurs, causing severe vibration and noise.
Second, the main measures to reduce hydraulic noise
# 1. Optimize the design and selection of hydraulic components
Choosing low-noise hydraulic pump and valve is the fundamental way to reduce system noise. For example, low-noise pumps such as multi-action vane pumps and screw pumps are used, or directional valves with buffer structures are used to reduce pressure impact and flow pulsation. In addition, reasonable design of fuel tank structure, raising the height of oil suction port and preventing air inhalation will also help to reduce cavitation noise.
# 2. Reasonable arrangement of hydraulic pipeline
The layout of pipeline is very important for noise control. Right-angle elbows and sudden expansion and contraction of pipe sections should be reduced as much as possible, and hose connections should be adopted to absorb vibration; At the same time, installing an accumulator on the high-pressure pipeline can absorb pressure pulsation, thus reducing noise.
# 3. Add noise elimination and vibration reduction device
Adding silencers, shock absorbers and vibration isolators to the hydraulic system can effectively isolate and absorb noise. For example, installing filters and silencers at the oil suction port of the pump can reduce the suction noise; The rubber damping pad is arranged between the pump and the base, which can reduce the mechanical vibration and noise.
# 4. Control system parameters and operating conditions
Keep the working pressure of hydraulic system stable and avoid frequent high-pressure impact; Control the oil temperature within a reasonable range to prevent the noise caused by too high or too low oil viscosity. At the same time, maintain the system clean regularly to prevent pollutants from blocking the valve port and causing abnormal noise.
# 5. Improve the quality of system assembly and maintenance
When assembling, ensure that all components are closely connected to prevent vibration and noise caused by looseness. Regular inspection of the wear of hydraulic components and timely replacement of failed parts are helpful to maintain the low-noise operation of the system.
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To sum up, to reduce the noise of hydraulic system, comprehensive measures should be taken from the aspects of design, type selection, layout, installation and maintenance. With the continuous development of hydraulic technology, new low-noise components and noise control technologies are constantly emerging, which provides more possibilities for realizing efficient and low-noise hydraulic systems. Scientific design and reasonable maintenance can not only improve the working performance of equipment, but also improve the operating environment and ensure the health of personnel, which has important practical significance.